The basic structural components of a minecart are the carriage, frame, wheelset and connector.
Carriage: A box-shaped container loaded with materials on a mine car. The semi-circular car bottom of the fixed car box type mine car is not only convenient for processing, but also conducive to mechanized cleaning of the adhesion on the car bottom. The carriage is generally made of low alloy steel plate, which has good heat resistance and corrosion resistance. The thickness of the steel plate mainly considers the requirements of corrosion resistance. In order to increase the rigidity of the box, convex edges are often pressed on the steel plate, angle welding is added to the box mouth, and drainage holes are opened at the bottom of the box. The bottom of the mine car is an openable flat bottom, with wings on both sides of the car, for support and operation during unloading. The lower mouth has sufficient rigidity to prevent deformation. The longitudinal section of the fixed and dump trucks is rectangular, and the bottom discharge is trapezoidal.
Frame: includes the beam, bumper and axle card. The beam is the main load-bearing component of the mine car. In addition to the gravity and traction of the carriage, it also needs to withstand additional loads such as shock and vibration during operation. The frame is generally made of special steel with connectors and buffers at both ends. It is a component that directly withstands traction and impact. Originally, bumpers used coil springs to absorb impact loads, but they have been gradually replaced by rubber buffer blocks. The axle card is a connection between the frame and the wheelset, and most of which are plug-in type. Its simple structure can improve the operating conditions of the wheelset and extend the service life of the bearing.
Wheelset: The traveling parts of the mine car have two types: open and closed. The open wheel pair has end covers for easy disassembly and adjustment of bearing clearance, but easy to enter the water. The closed wheelset has no end cover. When the bearings are repaired and disassembled, the two sets of bearings pass through the same inner hole, which easily causes the wheel inner hole to increase and fail.
Connector: It consists of a traction chain, a latch and a latch seat; they connect the minecart into a cart and transmit traction. There are three types of monocyclic, tricyclic and universal chain. Divided by the action mode, the connector is divided into ordinary type and automatic type; according to the structural characteristics are divided into rotatable and non-rotatable. The rotatable connector allows the car group to be unloaded in a round dumper without disassembling it; the ordinary non-swivel connector has a simple structure, it has only one or three ordinary long chain links, and is suitable for dump trucks and side dump Mining carts, fixed mine carts can also be used for unloading and unloading; universal chains are used for unloading unloaders. The large-capacity minecart uses an automatic connector. Its structure is similar to that of a railway vehicle, and it has the advantages of easy use and safe operation. But the structure is complicated.
The connector is an important component related to safety. Generally, the safety factor of a mine car connector must not be less than 6; A tensile test is to be performed at least every two years, and the test load is twice the static load.
